[Claude] Add better-documents skill
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---
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name: better-documents
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description: >
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Apply communication best practices when generating or reviewing any document,
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presentation, report, memo, slide deck, proposal, or email. Use this skill when
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asked to write, create, draft, or generate a document or presentation — apply
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the principles at generation time, not as an afterthought. Also use when asked
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to "review my doc," "look at this deck," "does this make sense," "is this clear,"
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"improve this proposal," "check this before I send it," "make this more effective,"
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or any request to evaluate whether a document will land with its audience. Use
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this skill even when the request seems minor — a "quick look" or a "short memo"
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is exactly when these principles matter most.
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---
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# Document Review
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Apply communication best practices when generating or reviewing any business
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document — whether the right message reaches the right audience in the right order.
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This skill applies the principles from Anil Dash's [Make better documents](https://www.anildash.com/2024/03/10/make-better-documents/).
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## Scope
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This skill covers **business documents**: presentations, slide decks, proposals,
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reports, memos, briefs, one-pagers, and emails. It does not cover UI, web
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components, or frontend applications — use the `frontend-design` skill for those.
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The design principles here differ from frontend design in important ways:
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- **Restraint over expression.** UI benefits from bold aesthetic commitment and
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distinctive visual personality. Business documents benefit from getting out of
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the way of the content. Most people reading a board deck or a client proposal
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are not there to appreciate the typography.
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- **The audience can't interact.** A web interface rewards exploration. A
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document gets one read, often skimmed, often on a small screen or printed.
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Every design choice that draws attention to itself is attention stolen from
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the message.
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- **Non-designers are both authors and audiences.** UI is built and consumed
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with design context nearby. Business documents are built by operators, analysts,
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executives, and founders — and read by the same. Complexity that a designer
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handles intuitively becomes noise for everyone else.
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## Modes
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| Mode | When to use | What you do |
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|---|---|---|
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| **generate** | "write me a proposal," "create a deck," "draft a memo" | Apply all five principles while producing the document; no separate report needed |
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| **full-review** | "review this doc," "look at this deck" | Run all five passes on an existing document, produce a structured report |
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| **rewrite** | "fix this," "make this better" | Apply all passes and return a revised version |
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| **targeted** | "is the ask clear," "check the formatting" | Run only the relevant pass(es) |
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| **quick** | "quick look," "does this work" | Run passes 1 and 2 only, flag the top 3 issues |
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Default to **generate** when producing a new document from scratch. Default to
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**full-review** when given an existing document with no other instruction.
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---
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## The Five Passes
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Apply these in order. Each targets a different failure mode.
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### Pass 1 — Audience and Purpose
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The most common reason documents fail: they were written for the author, not the reader.
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Check for:
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- **Missing context**: Does the document assume knowledge the audience may not have?
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Flag any jargon, backstory, or acronyms that aren't explained.
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- **Buried ask**: Is there a request, decision, or action needed? If so, is it
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stated clearly in the first third of the document — not saved for the end?
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- **Author-centered opening**: Does the document open with the author's anxieties,
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backstory, or credentials rather than shared context? Flag and suggest reordering
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to start from common ground.
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- **Missing deadline or stakes**: If a decision or response is needed, is the
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timeline stated? Is the reason for that timeline explained from the *audience's*
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perspective, not just the author's?
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Severity guide:
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- **CRITICAL** — The core ask or decision is absent or appears only at the end
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- **MAJOR** — The audience is unclear; the document would read differently to
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different readers
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- **MINOR** — Context gaps that could be filled with a sentence
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---
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### Pass 2 — Structure and Sequencing
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Order signals importance. Audiences assume the first thing is the most important.
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If it isn't, they'll be confused or dismissive before they reach the part that matters.
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Check for:
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- **Creation-order sequencing**: Is the document structured in the order it was
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*written* (background → analysis → conclusion) rather than the order the
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audience needs (conclusion → supporting logic → call to action)?
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- **Murder mystery structure**: Does the document build to a reveal rather than
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stating the point upfront? Flag any document where the key conclusion or request
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appears in the second half.
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- **Unannounced ordering**: If the document is ordered chronologically, by category,
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or by any logic other than importance, is that explicitly stated? If not, the
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audience will hunt for meaning in the sequence.
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- **Key information in the wrong channel**: Is anything critical only in speaker
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notes, appendices, or footnotes? Central points belong in the main body.
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Severity guide:
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- **CRITICAL** — The document's conclusion or core request is in the second half
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- **MAJOR** — Ordering is non-obvious and unexplained
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- **MINOR** — Supporting points could be reordered for better flow
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---
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### Pass 3 — Formatting Restraint
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Over-formatting is the most visible symptom of unclear thinking. When everything
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is emphasized, nothing is.
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Check for:
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- **Emphasis overload**: Are bold, italic, underline, and color being combined
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on the same text? Flag any instance of two or more emphasis types on a single
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element.
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- **Underlines on non-links**: Flag every underline that isn't a hyperlink.
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Underlines exist to signal clickability; using them decoratively confuses readers.
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- **Color proliferation**: Count distinct colors in use (excluding images). More
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than two is almost always a problem. More than three is always a problem.
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- **Border clutter**: Flag tables and sections with heavy borders. White space
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separates content more clearly than lines.
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- **Filler visuals**: Flag images, icons, or clip art that aren't specific to
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the content's message. A blank space is better than a stock photo.
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- **Formatting inconsistency**: Do headings, titles, or labels vary in size,
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weight, or color across the document without clear reason? Flag inconsistencies
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that will read as meaningful to an audience even if they weren't intentional.
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Severity guide:
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- **CRITICAL** — Formatting inconsistencies that will be read as semantic signals
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(e.g., random font changes mid-document)
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- **MAJOR** — Overuse of emphasis that makes it impossible to identify what's
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actually important
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- **MINOR** — Minor decoration that adds noise without adding meaning
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---
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### Pass 4 — Wayfinding and Density
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Audiences need to know where they are in the story, and how far they have to go.
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Check for:
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- **No orientation**: Is there any indication of structure — a brief outline,
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section headers, or progress markers — for documents longer than one page or
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five slides? If not, flag.
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- **Unsummarized data**: Does any chart, table, or data display appear without
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a title or caption that states what it shows? Readers shouldn't have to interpret
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data cold. Flag every chart or table whose title doesn't answer "what does this show?"
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- **Unanswerable questions**: Are there open-ended questions in the document
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(as headers or prompts) that can't actually be answered with a choice? Flag
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any question that could lead to a philosophical discussion instead of a decision.
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Good: "Do we go with Option A or Option B?" Bad: "How do we improve?"
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- **Dense, unbroken prose**: Are there paragraphs longer than ~6 lines where
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bullet points would make the content more skimmable without losing meaning?
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Severity guide:
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- **CRITICAL** — Data presented without any interpretive framing
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- **MAJOR** — Long documents with no structural signposts
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- **MINOR** — Questions that could be made more answerable
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---
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### Pass 5 — Naming and Versioning
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The title is information. Most document names throw it away.
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Check for:
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- **Generic or auto-generated title**: Does the document have a title like
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"Untitled," "Draft," "Meeting Notes," or the name of the person it's addressed
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to? Flag and suggest a title that includes: topic, date, and context/owner.
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- **Recipient-first naming**: If the document is *for* someone at another
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organization, is it named after *them* rather than the author or topic?
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They'll search for it by *your* name, not theirs.
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- **Version ambiguity**: Does the filename or title use `_v2`, `_final`,
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`_final_final`, or sequential numbers without dates? Flag and suggest
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date-based versioning.
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- **Meeting invites named after participants**: If the document is tied to a
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meeting, flag any invite titled "Meeting with [Name]" — it tells the recipient
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nothing about what the conversation is for.
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Severity guide:
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- **CRITICAL** — Untitled or generic title on a document intended for external sharing
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- **MAJOR** — Version ambiguity on any document with multiple drafts
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- **MINOR** — Suboptimal naming that could make retrieval difficult later
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---
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## Output Format
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### Generate mode
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Produce the document applying all five principles as first-order constraints —
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not as a post-hoc checklist. Specifically:
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- State the conclusion or ask in the opening, not the closing
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- Order content by importance to the audience, not by how it was assembled
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- Use the minimum formatting necessary: one emphasis type at a time, no decorative
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underlines, no more than two colors, white space over borders
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- Include structural signposts if the document is longer than one page or five slides
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- Give the document a title that includes topic, date, and relevant context
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**Override default visual style.** Claude's default document aesthetic — warm
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cream backgrounds, serif display type (Georgia, Fraunces, Playfair), terracotta
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or amber accents, and a "small all-caps label over a body copy block" slide
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layout — is recognizable as AI-generated and inappropriate for most professional
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contexts. Do not apply it.
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Instead, before generating any document with visual styling:
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1. **Ask about brand or visual constraints first.** Does the user have brand
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colors, a template, or a font they use? If so, follow those exactly.
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2. **If no brand guidance is given**, default to neutral: black text on white,
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one sans-serif typeface throughout, no decorative color. The content should
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do the work, not the palette.
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3. **If the user explicitly wants visual styling**, offer 2–3 distinct directions
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in one sentence each (e.g. "neutral/minimal," "bold/high-contrast," "warm/
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editorial") and let them choose before proceeding. Do not pick for them.
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No review report is needed in generate mode. The principles are baked in.
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---
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### Full-review and targeted mode
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```
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## Document Review: [Title or description]
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### Summary
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[2–3 sentences: what the document is trying to do, how well it's set up to succeed,
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the one or two changes that would most improve it]
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### Pass 1 — Audience and Purpose [N issues]
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[Each issue: location → what the problem is → suggested fix → severity]
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### Pass 2 — Structure and Sequencing [N issues]
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[Same format]
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### Pass 3 — Formatting Restraint [N issues]
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[Same format]
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### Pass 4 — Wayfinding and Density [N issues]
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[Same format]
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### Pass 5 — Naming and Versioning [N issues]
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[Same format]
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### Top 3 Changes
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[The three revisions that would most improve this document's effectiveness,
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ranked by impact]
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```
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### Rewrite mode
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Return the revised document with a brief note after explaining what was changed
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in each pass and why. Do not explain every small edit — only the structural
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decisions that changed meaning or order.
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### Quick mode
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Return only the top 3 issues found across passes 1 and 2, with a one-line
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suggested fix for each. No full report.
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---
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## Constraints
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- **Don't alter the author's voice.** In review and rewrite modes, improve
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structure and clarity, not style. If a sentence is clear and effective, leave it.
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- **Don't invent content.** If information is missing (a deadline, a decision
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option, context for the audience), flag the gap — don't fill it in.
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- **Ask before generating if the audience is unclear.** In generate mode, if the
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request doesn't specify who will read the document or what decision it needs to
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drive, ask before writing. A document built for the wrong audience fails
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regardless of how well it's structured.
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- **Be specific.** Every finding must reference the actual text or location.
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Never say "consider clarifying" without showing where and how.
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- **Respect intentional choices.** If the document is explicitly a narrative
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or a mystery-format pitch, flag the structural convention as a risk rather
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than a violation.
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---
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*Based on [Make better documents](https://www.anildash.com/2024/03/10/make-better-documents/) by Anil Dash.*
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